3.46 \(\int \frac{\cot (x)}{\sqrt{1+\cot (x)}} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=121 \[ \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\left (1-\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)-2 \sqrt{2}+3}{\sqrt{2 \left (5 \sqrt{2}-7\right )} \sqrt{\cot (x)+1}}\right )+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\left (1+\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)+2 \sqrt{2}+3}{\sqrt{2 \left (7+5 \sqrt{2}\right )} \sqrt{\cot (x)+1}}\right ) \]

[Out]

(Sqrt[-1 + Sqrt[2]]*ArcTan[(3 - 2*Sqrt[2] + (1 - Sqrt[2])*Cot[x])/(Sqrt[2*(-7 + 5*Sqrt[2])]*Sqrt[1 + Cot[x]])]
)/2 + (Sqrt[1 + Sqrt[2]]*ArcTanh[(3 + 2*Sqrt[2] + (1 + Sqrt[2])*Cot[x])/(Sqrt[2*(7 + 5*Sqrt[2])]*Sqrt[1 + Cot[
x]])])/2

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.127488, antiderivative size = 121, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 5, number of rules used = 4, integrand size = 11, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.364, Rules used = {3536, 3535, 203, 207} \[ \frac{1}{2} \sqrt{\sqrt{2}-1} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\left (1-\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)-2 \sqrt{2}+3}{\sqrt{2 \left (5 \sqrt{2}-7\right )} \sqrt{\cot (x)+1}}\right )+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\left (1+\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)+2 \sqrt{2}+3}{\sqrt{2 \left (7+5 \sqrt{2}\right )} \sqrt{\cot (x)+1}}\right ) \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[Cot[x]/Sqrt[1 + Cot[x]],x]

[Out]

(Sqrt[-1 + Sqrt[2]]*ArcTan[(3 - 2*Sqrt[2] + (1 - Sqrt[2])*Cot[x])/(Sqrt[2*(-7 + 5*Sqrt[2])]*Sqrt[1 + Cot[x]])]
)/2 + (Sqrt[1 + Sqrt[2]]*ArcTanh[(3 + 2*Sqrt[2] + (1 + Sqrt[2])*Cot[x])/(Sqrt[2*(7 + 5*Sqrt[2])]*Sqrt[1 + Cot[
x]])])/2

Rule 3536

Int[((c_.) + (d_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> With[{q =
Rt[a^2 + b^2, 2]}, Dist[1/(2*q), Int[(a*c + b*d + c*q + (b*c - a*d + d*q)*Tan[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b*Tan[e + f*
x]], x], x] - Dist[1/(2*q), Int[(a*c + b*d - c*q + (b*c - a*d - d*q)*Tan[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b*Tan[e + f*x]], x
], x]] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 + d^2, 0] && NeQ[2
*a*c*d - b*(c^2 - d^2), 0] && (PerfectSquareQ[a^2 + b^2] || RationalQ[a, b, c, d])

Rule 3535

Int[((c_.) + (d_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])/Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*tan[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]], x_Symbol] :> Dist[(-2*
d^2)/f, Subst[Int[1/(2*b*c*d - 4*a*d^2 + x^2), x], x, (b*c - 2*a*d - b*d*Tan[e + f*x])/Sqrt[a + b*Tan[e + f*x]
]], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 + b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 + d^2, 0] && EqQ[2
*a*c*d - b*(c^2 - d^2), 0]

Rule 203

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(1*ArcTan[(Rt[b, 2]*x)/Rt[a, 2]])/(Rt[a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]), x] /;
FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (GtQ[a, 0] || GtQ[b, 0])

Rule 207

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> -Simp[ArcTanh[(Rt[b, 2]*x)/Rt[-a, 2]]/(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[b, 2]), x] /;
FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && NegQ[a/b] && (LtQ[a, 0] || GtQ[b, 0])

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{\cot (x)}{\sqrt{1+\cot (x)}} \, dx &=\frac{\int \frac{-1-\left (-1-\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)}{\sqrt{1+\cot (x)}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt{2}}-\frac{\int \frac{-1-\left (-1+\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)}{\sqrt{1+\cot (x)}} \, dx}{2 \sqrt{2}}\\ &=\frac{1}{2} \left (-4+3 \sqrt{2}\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{2 \left (-1+\sqrt{2}\right )-4 \left (-1+\sqrt{2}\right )^2+x^2} \, dx,x,\frac{1-2 \left (-1+\sqrt{2}\right )-\left (-1+\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)}{\sqrt{1+\cot (x)}}\right )-\frac{1}{2} \left (4+3 \sqrt{2}\right ) \operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{2 \left (-1-\sqrt{2}\right )-4 \left (-1-\sqrt{2}\right )^2+x^2} \, dx,x,\frac{1-2 \left (-1-\sqrt{2}\right )-\left (-1-\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)}{\sqrt{1+\cot (x)}}\right )\\ &=\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{-1+\sqrt{2}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{3-2 \sqrt{2}+\left (1-\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)}{\sqrt{2 \left (-7+5 \sqrt{2}\right )} \sqrt{1+\cot (x)}}\right )+\frac{1}{2} \sqrt{1+\sqrt{2}} \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{3+2 \sqrt{2}+\left (1+\sqrt{2}\right ) \cot (x)}{\sqrt{2 \left (7+5 \sqrt{2}\right )} \sqrt{1+\cot (x)}}\right )\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [C]  time = 0.0735668, size = 51, normalized size = 0.42 \[ \frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{\cot (x)+1}}{\sqrt{1-i}}\right )}{\sqrt{1-i}}+\frac{\tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac{\sqrt{\cot (x)+1}}{\sqrt{1+i}}\right )}{\sqrt{1+i}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[Cot[x]/Sqrt[1 + Cot[x]],x]

[Out]

ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 + Cot[x]]/Sqrt[1 - I]]/Sqrt[1 - I] + ArcTanh[Sqrt[1 + Cot[x]]/Sqrt[1 + I]]/Sqrt[1 + I]

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Maple [B]  time = 0.036, size = 249, normalized size = 2.1 \begin{align*}{\frac{\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{2}}{8}\ln \left ( 1+\cot \left ( x \right ) +\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{1+\cot \left ( x \right ) }\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) }+{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\,\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{1}{\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}} \left ( 2\,\sqrt{1+\cot \left ( x \right ) }+\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) } \right ) }-{\frac{1}{\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{1}{\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}} \left ( 2\,\sqrt{1+\cot \left ( x \right ) }+\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) } \right ) }-{\frac{\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{2}}{8}\ln \left ( 1+\cot \left ( x \right ) +\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{1+\cot \left ( x \right ) }\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) }+{\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2\,\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{1}{\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}} \left ( 2\,\sqrt{1+\cot \left ( x \right ) }-\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) } \right ) }-{\frac{1}{\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}}\arctan \left ({\frac{1}{\sqrt{-2+2\,\sqrt{2}}} \left ( 2\,\sqrt{1+\cot \left ( x \right ) }-\sqrt{2+2\,\sqrt{2}} \right ) } \right ) } \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(cot(x)/(1+cot(x))^(1/2),x)

[Out]

1/8*(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2)*2^(1/2)*ln(1+cot(x)+2^(1/2)+(1+cot(x))^(1/2)*(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))+1/2/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(
1/2)*arctan((2*(1+cot(x))^(1/2)+(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))*2^(1/2)-1/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2)*arct
an((2*(1+cot(x))^(1/2)+(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))-1/8*(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2)*2^(1/2)*ln(1+cot(x)+
2^(1/2)-(1+cot(x))^(1/2)*(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))+1/2/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctan((2*(1+cot(x))^(1/2)-(2+2*2^(1/2)
)^(1/2))/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))*2^(1/2)-1/(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2)*arctan((2*(1+cot(x))^(1/2)-(2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))/
(-2+2*2^(1/2))^(1/2))

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Maxima [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\cot \left (x\right )}{\sqrt{\cot \left (x\right ) + 1}}\,{d x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(cot(x)/(1+cot(x))^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate(cot(x)/sqrt(cot(x) + 1), x)

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Fricas [F(-1)]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Timed out} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(cot(x)/(1+cot(x))^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

Timed out

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Sympy [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\cot{\left (x \right )}}{\sqrt{\cot{\left (x \right )} + 1}}\, dx \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(cot(x)/(1+cot(x))**(1/2),x)

[Out]

Integral(cot(x)/sqrt(cot(x) + 1), x)

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Giac [F]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \int \frac{\cot \left (x\right )}{\sqrt{\cot \left (x\right ) + 1}}\,{d x} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(cot(x)/(1+cot(x))^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

integrate(cot(x)/sqrt(cot(x) + 1), x)